El daño no patrimonial en el derecho contractual comparado
| Autor | Marianna De Vita |
| Cargo | Lawyer from Universidad Metropolitana and Diploma in Hydrocarbons Law. Lecturer at Universidad Central de Venezuela (Derecho de Obligaciones). Master of Law from Universitá degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, ('Diritto Romano e Sistemi Giuridici Contemporanei'). PhD(c) in Law |
| Páginas | 121-175 |
De Vita, M. El daño no patrimonial en el derecho contractual
121
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia RFJ No.11(2) Junio 2022
El daño no patrimonial en el derecho
contractual comparado
Non-property damage in comparative
contract law
Marianna G. De Vita R.
Central University of Venezuela
City: Caracas
Country: Venezuela
Original article (miscellaneous)
RFJ, No. 11 (2), 2022, pp. 121 - 175, ISSN 2588-0837
ABSTRACT: The contribution presented in this paper explores
the trajectories of constitutionalism in its history, which
accompanies the most relevant events of the modern era. The
author has set out to highlight the interrelations of social factors,
the interests of natural and legal persons, the role of states and
of political groups and parties, and ideological anchors, as the
main elements that lead to constitutional texts being placed
in the leading role in the social fabric where they are today.
The most novel expressions of constitutionalism are explored,
among which the definition and recognition of the rights of
nature constitutes one of the most novel and important forms
of its expression.
KEY WORDS: civil law, law, civil liability, non-pecuniary
damage, contract.
RESUMEN: La contribución que se presenta en este trabajo
explora las trayectorias del constitucionalismo en su historia,
que acompaña a los acontecimientos más relevantes de la era
moderna. El autor se ha propuesto destacar las interrelaciones
de los factores sociales, los intereses de las personas físicas
DOI 10.26807/rfj.vi11.448
De Vita, M. El daño no patrimonial en el derecho contractual comparado
122
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia RFJ No.11(2) Junio 2022
y jurídicas, el papel de los Estados y de los grupos y partidos
políticos, y los anclajes ideológicos, como los principales
elementos que llevan a que los textos constitucionales se sitúen en
el protagonismo del tejido social en el que se encuentran hoy. Se
exploran las expresiones más novedosas del constitucionalismo,
entre las que la definición y el reconocimiento de los derechos
de la naturaleza constituye una de las formas más novedosas e
importantes de su expresión.
PALABRAS CLAVE: derecho civil, derecho, responsabilidad
civil, daño no patrimonial, daño moral, contrato.
JEL CODE: D23, B25.
INTRODUCTION
Non-pecuniary damage is one of the figures with the
greatest legal development in comparative doctrine and in the
jurisdictional headquarters of European and Latin American
countries. It is defined as an affection, suffering or distress that
affects a person causing pain, grief, or anguish, directly impacting
his or her moral assets (as opposed to pecuniary damage, the
consequence of which entails an economic decrease). This is
why its notion is linked to the theory of non-contractual civil
liability in cases where a wrongful act is materialized, however,
due to the social and economic changes that have emerged in
the community over the years, its conception today is very
different from its primitive origins, For example, we currently
find that in almost all legal systems reparation is allowed in the
form of a monetary sum or that some jurisdictional bodies and
even Civil Codes admit compensation within the framework
of a convention between two or more persons under certain
specific parameters, which until a few years ago was unheard of
in the international legal order.
De Vita, M. El daño no patrimonial en el derecho contractual
123
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia RFJ No.11(2) Junio 2022
As the years go by and societies adapt to new realities,
legislators, judges, and jurists adapt primitive legal concepts to
the emerging circumstances, with a view to achieving material
justice that guarantees peace among citizens, just as it happened
in primitive peoples, the difference lies in the variation of
the applicable judicial forms and remedies, which gives us a
positive trace in the balance of global legal development. There
are various doctrinal discussions on certain theories of law that
have been left in the past, today many of them are not even
referred to, they simply appear in some sources with the sole
objective of enriching the legal study and others are still in
force in the current panorama, but the arguments that sustain
them have lost their validity in the legal field.
Such is the case of the inadmissibility of the reparation of
non-pecuniary damage in the sphere of contractual obligations;
if we analyze the origin of this category of damage, we find its
roots in Roman law, where the use of the terminology damnum
was excluded in the cases involving non-pecuniary injuries
experienced by a subject, taking special relevance in the sphere
of a private tort of iniuria described in D.47.10.1, as a series
of actions characterized by the willful conduct of a subject
(Cardilli, 2010).
D ’Ors et al. (1975) point out about the definition of
iniuria that:
The name “injuria” comes from the fact that it is done
unjustly, for everything that is done unjustly is said to
be done unjustly. In a more special sense, the offence is
called injuria; sometimes we mean by the word injuria
the injury done culpably, as we are wont to say in regard
to the Aquilian Law; at other times, we call injustice
injuria, for, when one has given sentence unjustly or
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