Tratado de Libre Comercio con la Unión Europea y soberanía alimentaria en Ecuador: Una revisión del Análisis Económico del Derecho
| Autor | Antonella Silvana Paredes Torres |
| Cargo | Estudiante de derecho de la PUCE, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-4234 |
| Páginas | 167-191 |
167
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia RFJ No.8 Dic. 2020 Vol.I pp.167-191
Paredes, A. Free Trade Agreement with the European Union
Free Trade Agreement with the European Union
and food sovereignty in Ecuador: A review from
the Economic Analysis of Law
Tratado de Libre Comercio con la Unión Europea y
soberanía alimentaria en Ecuador: Una mirada desde
el Análisis Económico del Derecho
Antonella Paredes Torres
Attorney at law and independent researcher
City: Quito
Country: Ecuador
Original article (research)
RFJ, No. 8, Vol I, 2020, pp. 167-191, ISSN 2588-0837
ABSTRACT: This research article analyzes the current situation
of food sovereignty in Ecuador linked with the Free Trade
Agreement between Ecuador, Peru Colombia and the European
Union (FTA), after almost four years of its entry into force,
considering the impacts of the sanitary and economic crisis
generated by the coronavirus pandemic in Ecuador, which has
produced significant consequences for small food producers,
specially in terms of poverty and inequality. In addition, this
article aims to present a review of the implications that the
Free Trade Agreement has had on the food sovereignty regime
in Ecuador, from the economic analysis of law, analyzing
whether this international instrument reduces transaction
costs and is efficient in terms of food sovereignty, or whether
an inalienability rule should be applied to counteract the
externalities it generates in sustainable food production aligned
with food sovereignty1.
KEYWORDS: international treaty, trade, right to food, market
economy, agriculture.
RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza la situación actual de la
soberanía alimentaria en Ecuador relacionada con el Tratado
de Libre Comercio entre Ecuador, Perú Colombia y la Unión
1 This article is part of an independent research project whose main result
will be a book focused on the analysis of Food Sovereignty in Ecuador.
DOI: 10.26807/rfj.vi8.315
168
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia RFJ No.8 Dic. 2020 Vol.I pp.167-191
Paredes, A. Free Trade Agreement with the European Union
Europea (TLC), después de casi cuatro años de su entrada
en vigor, considerando los impactos de la crisis sanitaria y
económica generada por la pandemia del coronavirus en
el Ecuador, misma que ha desencadenado consecuencias
importantes para los pequeños productores de alimentos,
especialmente en términos de pobreza y desigualdad. Además,
este artículo pretende realizar una revisión de las implicaciones
que el TLC ha tenido en el régimen de soberanía alimentaria en
Ecuador, a partir del análisis económico del derecho, analizando
si este instrumento internacional reduce costos de transacción
y resulta eficiente en términos de soberanía alimentaria, o si se
debería aplicar una regla de inalienabilidad para contrarrestar
las externalidades que genera en la producción sostenible de
alimentos alineada con la soberanía alimentaria.
PALABRAS CLAVE: tratado internacional, comercio, derecho a
la alimentación, economía del mercado, agricultura.
INTRODUCTION
Ecuador ratified the FTA with the European Union in
December 2016, and its biding effects started since January
2017. Since then, almost four years have passed, and Ecuador
is currently dealing with one of the worst social, economic
and sanitary crises, mainly generated by COVID-19 pandemic
and the massive plunge in oil prices. In this context, it is
necessary to reevaluate the situation of food sovereignty in
Ecuador and the economic and commercial effects of the FTA
with the European Union with an economic analysis of law
perspective. Considering the vital importance that a sustainable
food production system will have in the following years, not
only to avoid hunger in ascendant poverty and unemployment
landscape but also to strengthen the countryside and the local
production as a source of sustainable development.
Consequently, the present article evaluates the
situation of food sovereignty in Ecuador as an ongoing project
which implementation has faced massive delays, and until
today is not a reality. Then, it explains the relationship between
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