La ley de obligaciones italiana desde el código civil de 1942 hasta la actualidad perfiles de una evolución
| Autor | Carlo Castronovo |
| Cargo | Professor Emeritus at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore |
| Páginas | 79-104 |
Castronovo, C. The italian law of obligations from the civil code
79
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia Especial 75 Aniversario PUCE
The Italian Law of Obligations from the Civil Code
of 1942 to today profiles of an evolution
La Ley de Obligaciones Italiana desde el Código Civil
de 1942 hasta la actualidad perfiles de una evolución
Carlo Castronovo
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
City: Milan
Country: Italy
Original article (research)
RFJ, No. 9 Especial 75 años PUCE, pp. 79 -104, ISSN: 2588-0837
ABSTRACT: This article examines the category of obligations
and its evolution from the Italian civil code of 1942 to the present
day. It mainly focuses on the figure of the non-performance
obligation due to its theoretical and practical relevance. He
then tackles the currently debated topic of recoding.
KEYWORDS: Law, legal system, civil law, legislation.
RESUMEN: Este artículo examina la categoría de obligación
y su evolución desde el Código Civil italiano de 1942 hasta la
actualidad. Se centra principalmente en la figura de la obligación
sin desempeño debido a su relevancia teórica y práctica.
Posteriormente aborda el tema actualmente debatido de la
recodificación.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Ley, sistema legal, derecho civil,
legislación.
JEL CODE: K, K0
DOI 10.26807/rfj.v2i9.438
Castronovo, C. The italian law of obligations from the civil code
80
Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia Especial 75 Aniversario PUCE
INTRODUCTION
The Italian law of obligations has its systematic root
in Book IV of the Civil Code of 1942, which is entitled Delle
obbligazioni. The structure of the entire system consists of
the three initial articles, 1173, 1174 and 1175, which are
placed in chapter one as Preliminary Provisions of title one.
They are devoted respectively to the Sources of obligations,
the pecuniary nature of performance and conduct by fairness.
Two other provisions join the preceding ones as cardinal rules
of the discipline, art. 1176, which in chapter two opens the
discipline of performance, imposing on the obligor the duty of
care of the good family man, and art. 1218 which begins chapter
three, Non-performance of obligations, regulating the obligor’s
liability. A further rule governs the obligation and is that of Art.
2740(1): “The debtor is liable for the performance of obligations
with all his present and future assets”. This so-called property
liability should not be confused with the liability into which the
obligation is converted as a consequence of non-performance.
While the latter is coessential to the obligation, of which it
can be said to be the other side once the non-performance has
occurred (Mengoni, 2011), the so-called patrimonial liability,
as a guarantee provided by the obligor, can be considered to be
the other side. Asset liability, as a guarantee provided by the
debtor’s assets, i.e. as a bond other than obligatio, is outside the
obligation (Di Majo, 2013), concerning which it is, therefore,
accessory, just as the process is more generally accessory, even
if it is functional, but only in a possible way (i.e. after deducting
fulfilment and enforcement in specific form, which does not
concern the assets as a whole, but only the goods due with the
obligation), to the achievement of the economic result intended
by the creditor. In the absence of specific guarantees, the lien
on the debtor’s assets will become active only later, it can be
said to act as a background to the obligation; and the means
of preserving the asset guarantee, subrogation and revocation
actions, and attachment, serve to maintain the so-called general
asset guarantee, not to enforce it.
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